Geometric morphometric investigation of incus in horse (equus ferus caballus) and donkey (Equus Asinus)

In this study, it was aimed to determine the shape of incus in horse and donkey by geometric morphometric method evaluate differences between horse’s donkey’s incus. The left bone 5 adult horses donkeys were used study. Incus photographed at same lateral direction. Thirteen homologous landmarks marked from photographs using TpsUtil (Version 1.79) TpsDig2 2.31) software. As a result first principal component explained 38,642% total variation. PC1 plot, samples clearly clustered group. Acording canonical varians analysis, wire frame warp graphic, corpus incudis edges (right, left, bottom) flatter donkeys. Angle LM13 level more pronounced on crus breve. apex longum (Landmark 4, 5, 6) wider donkey. morphological features determined method. This study is important that one ossicula auditus We think will contribute anatomy equide family.